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| Giant Panda Birth Watch has officially begun at Zoo Atlanta. The Zoo’s Animal Management and Veterinary Teams made the decision to begin 24-hour birth watch on Saturday, August 9, 2008, based on key behavioral changes observed in Lun Lun, our 10-year-old female giant panda. |
Wednesday, August 20
Lun Lun’s progestins have started to decrease. This is exciting because if she is pregnant she will give birth when her progestins are approaching or reach baseline. So we are watching Lun Lun closely 24 hours per day and hoping for the best. She is still spending her time sleeping in her den and is eating very little.
Rebecca Snyder, PhD
Curator of Carnivores
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Mei Lan takes it easy with her water fountain |
Monday, August 18
Every day behind-the-scenes at the panda building has been identical to the last. Lun Lun continues to spend most of her time sound asleep in the dens. She tends to get up about two to three times to eat and/or drink in a 24-hour period. We are keeping a close eye on her while she gets the rest she needs. Yang Yang and Mei Lan are also doing great. We put together a large plastic toy car over the weekend for them to enjoy. Yang Yang was standing completely on top of the car, to retrieve some bananas we placed on the top of it yesterday. Mei Lan has been eating bamboo very well in the past week, and she has even put on a couple of pounds, which Is good because she is feeding her growing body. Last night she weighed 52.8 kilos, which converts to about 116 pounds. She is getting to be a big girl! Today is her turn to check out the toy car. So for those of you tuned in to PandaCam … enjoy!
Lynn Culver
Seasonal Keeper, Carnivores
Friday, August 15
Lun Lun continues to spend almost all of her time sleeping. She is eating very little bamboo, fruit or biscuits. She refused to participate in an ultrasound session yesterday, which is typical when she reaches this stage. It’s also unfortunate because closer to the end of her possible pregnancy is when we are more likely to be able to see a developing fetus. So now there is no schedule for ultrasound sessions. The keepers will simply inform the vet staff whenever Lun Lun is awake and seems like she might be willing to participate.
Rebecca Snyder, PhD
Curator of Carnivores
Wednesday, August 13
Lun Lun continues to sleep away the day. Yesterday, she had a few biscuits during a very brief training session. Following that, she ate bamboo for about five minutes. That pretty much concluded her activities for the day. Today has been no different. She came over first thing this morning for several biscuits and ate a tiny bit of bamboo. She has been sleeping the rest of the day, except for the occasional shift of position.
Kenn Harwood
Lead Keeper, Carnivores
Monday, August 11
As you may have read on Friday, Lun Lun has noticeably slowed down. Due to this, the decision was made to start the 24-hour birth this past Saturday. I had been off work at the beginning part of the week, so Lun’s behavior was a total change for me – a fairly abrupt change from the last time I had seen her. She did fine on Thursday for her ultrasound, but then by Friday morning she was out of it. We had been noticing a very slight decrease in activity and bamboo intake, but nothing to set off any alarms. Two years ago, she had gradually declined in her behavior over a period of a few weeks, until she wouldn’t go out anymore. She decided that she needed to be different this year and surprise everyone. But isn’t that typical of Lun?
Nothing that interesting happened with her over the weekend, though, just lots of sleeping. There’s hardly any bamboo intake at present, and even yesterday, she was refusing to take any fruit or biscuits. This morning she did sit and eat some bamboo, probably more than the last two days combined, but nothing great. Even if she does come over for a quick training session, there’s only about a minute before she slumps over and goes back to sleep.
Now we just wait, watch and cross our pseudothumbs.
Joseph T. Svoke
Giant Panda Keeper II, Carnivore Department
Friday, August 8
Lun Lun has shown the first signs of entering into the next phase of what could be a pregnancy or pseudopregnancy. This morning when I arrived in the giant panda building, I found her sleeping, which is extremely unusual for her. Usually she is the one who is waiting up for us when we come in the building at 7 a.m. After eating her morning fruit and leafeater biscuits, she would not shift out into the day rooms. After walking away for five minutes, I returned to find her fast asleep in one of her dens. This behavior is also unusual because the pandas will only fall asleep in the late morning after eating a fresh batch of bamboo. Lun Lun slept in this morning until about 11 a.m., and then woke up and started to finally eat. If this pattern continues, we should see signs of decreased activity and decreased appetite for the next few weeks. These behaviors are normal and expected, but at this time, we still have no way of knowing whether or not Lun Lun is pregnant. While we’re very optimistic, it’s still important to remember that giant panda pseudopregnancy mimics pregnancy so closely that there’s no way to know for sure which condition Lun Lun is currently experiencing. Cross your fingers and stay tuned!
Lynn Culver
Seasonal Keeper, Carnivores
Wednesday, August 6
Lun Lun’s most recent hormone results show that her progestins concentrations are still high. The concentrations were somewhat lower than in the previous week, but this does not seem to be a decrease that would indicate she is nearing the time for a possible birth. Her behavior remains normal. She is still eating well, active and going on exhibit. So we continue to watch her closely and are prepared to begin birth watch at any time.
Rebecca Snyder, PhD
Curator of Carnivores
Monday, August 4
The saying goes that no news is good news ... Well, I hope that is true today, because there is no news on Lun Lun today. She continues to eat normally and go on exhibit – no slowing down yet. Her hormone levels do indicate that she is in the pregnancy/pseudopregnancy phase, but she is not showing behavioral signs yet. We are sending urine samples off twice a week now to be analyzed, so hopefully we can predict when a possible birth could happen. However, as we have all said in the past, Lun Lun likes to be different and do things her own way: in 2006, she exceeded the predicted birth window by several days and kept us guessing. So again, we will continue to wait and see ... and of course, we’ll keep you updated.
Heather Baker Roberts
Keeper I, Carnivore Department
Friday, August 1
Not much has changed at the panda building the last couple of days. Lun Lun continues to have a voracious appetite and has yet to show any signs of slowing down. Yang Yang and Mei Lan are happily eating Yellow Groove and Henon leaves in between naps. Everyone is maintaining weight very well; Lun Lun is around 104 kgs. (230 lbs.), Yang Yang is around 125 kgs. (275 lbs.) and Mei Lan is around 50 kgs. (110 lbs.). Giant Pandas tend to drop a bit of weight for the summer, especially the males. Males bulk up for the springtime breeding season to impress the females, then spend more time resting in the summer, so they lose some weight. As you are now aware, summer is birthing season for the females. Once the time to give birth draws near, the females will seclude themselves in a den and wait for the arrival of the cub. During this time, they eat very little or stop eating entirely, so they also lose weight. When Mei Lan was born in 2006, Lun Lun did not eat or drink for several days. As Rebecca mentioned yesterday, we expect Lun Lun to slow down any day now, but Lun Lun likes to do things in her own time, so we continue to wait...
Heather Baker Roberts
Keeper I, Carnivore Department
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Graph of Lun Lun’s Progestins Data
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Wednesday,
July 30
Hormone results from Lun Lun through Monday, July 28 show that her progestins have increased significantly in the last few days. Based on her current hormone profile, we expect a possible birth window from August 9 – August 19. However, this may be adjusted based on her behavior and physical changes. So far, she is still eating well and going on exhibit.
Rebecca Snyder, PhD
Curator of Carnivores
Monday, July 28
We continue to watch Lun Lun closely for behavioral and physical changes. She is still eating normally and is active. We expect her to slow down anytime now. Eventually, she will become very lethargic, sleep in her den most of the time, and eat very little. But for now, she is still going on exhibit and eating a lot. She cooperated well with an ultrasound procedure today. There were good images of one uterine horn, but the other side was obstructed by gas in her intestines, so the procedure was inconclusive. We will try again on Thursday.
Rebecca Snyder, PhD
Curator of Carnivores
Friday, July 25
Today the panda building is a bit crowded as we have the cameras installed in Lun Lun's dens in preparation for another fun video of (hopefully) our next panda cub birth. Unlike Mei Lan and her father Yang, Lun Lun has not slept much at all today. Other than the little nap that she took in Yard 2 early this morning, she has been wide awake the rest of the day pounding down henon like she can't get enough. On a personal note, today was my first time opening the building with the new set up of things. As was mentioned multiple times before, the building has been rearranged in preparation for a cub. It took a little longer than usual to get the a.m. prep started, and I'm sure the bears were wondering why I was spinning around in circles trying to piece together where everything had been re-housed. I'm pretty sure I've figured it all out but look out for more updates from me as I try to figure my way around all these changes.
Jennifer Brink
Keeper II, Carnivore Department
Wednesday, July 23
Every year that we think we may have a cub we turn the panda keeper kitchen into the nursery. This year is no different; as we want to make sure we are prepared for any situation that arises. This process takes about a week, it starts with us dusting all the pipes (like Lynn mentioned). Then we move all the items from the kitchen to other locations in the building. Like the back hallway across from one of the night dens becomes the panda diet preparation area and instead of washing dishes in the kitchen sink- we wash them on the back dock of the building. The next step is for vet staff to move all the “cub” supplies into the freshly cleaned and emptied panda kitchen. They bring anything you think you may need to rear a panda cub; including incubators, formula, bottles, blankets, and much, much more. We hope that we will not have to use these items- as the best option is for Lun Lun to raise her offspring and we think she will - but it never hurts to be prepared.
Kate Roca
Carnivore Keeper II
Monday, July 21
The last couple of days have been pretty exciting. Mei Lan has been quite playful. Last Monday she played for 30 minutes straight. Taking advantage of this, I put a lot of enrichment into the dayroom for her. She was having a blast running around the room with a green jolly ball in her mouth – throwing it up against a wall and chasing it. She also enjoyed knocking over a tub and bucket I had placed high up in the tree, and diving head first (with a somersault motion) into the hammock. She has definitely been a lot more active this past week, and it has been very enjoyable to watch! It’s hard to not stop what you’re doing and watch her when she is in the mood to play.
We have also been getting the building ready in case there is a panda cub. We have spent some time dusting off everything in the building, including the pipes that are on the ceiling. Within the next week or so, after much preparation and cleaning, we should have “the nursery” set up on one side of building.
This morning has already been eventful. JT and the vet staff performed an ultrasound on Lun Lun. Vet staff decided after not getting great pictures from the ultrasound last week, they would try again today early this morning, hoping they could get a better look. The vet was able to locate Lun’s uterus, but could not confirm anything. So there is nothing to report yet. We are still continuing to monitor her hormone levels by collecting urine samples.
Lynn Culver
Seasonal Keeper, Carnivores
Friday, July 18
Yesterday was an extremely busy day for Kate and me in the panda building. The morning started off with Horticulture working in the outside yards, preparing them for new sod. Unfortunately, this means that the pandas are unable to go out into the yards for a couple weeks so that the sod has a chance to root itself. We sodded the yards two years ago, trying to give the pandas some grass, but since then most of it has died off, mainly in one of the yards, due to the drought that we have been experiencing and being unable to water it. Maybe this time it will hold on a little longer.
After the fun of trying to work around having one panda indoors, we had to do an ultrasound on Lun Lun. She was great as usual, but we have nothing to report. Then it was lunch time. Right after lunch, Kate and I decided to have one of the vet techs come and try to get blood on both the adults. We decided to try the new blood draw sleeve that was just installed in another den, which will allow us to continue to work with Yang when the cubbing area is set up. First was Lun, and once again she was great and held her position. This was probably the last time that we are going to be able to do this on Lun for almost a year, if she gives birth. Then we did Yang, and we got blood. This was exciting to us because it had been over two years since the last time that we got blood voluntarily from him.
Luckily after all this amusement the pandas decided to sleep the afternoon away.
Joseph T. Svoke
Giant Panda Keeper II, Carnivore Department
Wednesday, July 16
As a once-a-week sub for the primary giant panda keepers, I'm still learning something each and every time I'm over here. Most recently, this has involved the basic behaviors the bears are trained on to allow us to examine different parts of their bodies from different angles, and I have come away with two main conclusions. One, the pandas are smart. Really, really, show-off-for-the-new-guy-smart. And two, Yang Yang likes to rub his shoulders on the den surfaces (a lot, whether you want him to or not). And he doesn't stop until he's ready to. Of course, as a major celebrity, that's his prerogative, and who am I to say otherwise?
Until next time, enjoy the 'Cam!
Matt Fugate
Keeper II, Carnivore Department
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Graph of Lun Lun’s Progestins Data
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Monday, July 14
Lun Lun’s most recent hormone results from last week indicate that her progestins continue to rise. This is a normal hormone profile for a female that is experiencing pregnancy or pseudopregnancy. We are watching for Lun Lun’s progestins to begin to decrease. If Lun Lun is pregnant, we expect her to give birth when her progestins concentrations approach baseline levels. According to her hormone profile, we expect a possible birth in early August, and so are making preparations for that.
Lun Lun’s most recent hormone profile is attached to be posted with this update.
Rebecca Snyder, PhD
Curator of Carnivores
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Mei Lan enjoys bamboo, inside! |
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Friday, July 11
Hey everybody! My name is Lynn Culver, and I am one of the new seasonal carnivore keepers here at the Zoo. I started out at Zoo Atlanta as an intern in the Elephant/Carnivore Department, and as a part-time instructor for the Education Department in January of 2007. Working with animals has always been a strong passion of mine for as far back as I can remember. So needless to say, when the seasonal carnivore keeper position opened up here, I was very excited to apply. They hired two seasonal keepers to take over daytime shifts of the two regular keepers that will soon be put on 24-hour birth watch. Since this is my first experience as a zookeeper, I am learning a lot and enjoying every second. I feel very privileged to be given the opportunity to work with these animals, especially at such a crucial time (with the hope of having yet another panda cub). I’m looking forward to continuing to grow here and to learning from such a great department of people.
Not too much going on in pandas today. With the hot weather today, Lun Lun and Mei Lan did not stay outdoors for very long, before we had to move them in to the air- conditioned day rooms where they have slept all afternoon. Tonight I am planning on leaving them assorted scents in their sleeping areas that they will hopefully enjoy throughout the night.
Lynn Culver
Seasonal Carnivore Keeper
Wednesday, July 9
Training is an interesting part of being a keeper. It is a great time for us to build some type of bond with the charges we take care of. It also allows us to give the bears a once over to make sure they are nice and healthy. I have been training Yang Yang and Lun Lun for close to five years now, and it is quite interesting to compare how the adults work with us vs. how it is to train with Mei Lan. Since the adults have been doing most of the maintenance behaviors for seven years, they know the paces and work quite fast. One the other hand, Mei Lan is just learning. She has the target and paws-up behavior down pat, while she is still working on ear, eye, and open mouth. Some days we make great progress on these new behaviors, while on other days, I wonder if she will ever understand what we are asking her to do. She is quite food-motivated, so I know one day it will just click and we will be on to big behaviors like voluntary blood draws.
Kate Roca
Carnivore Keeper II
Tuesday, July 8
Some of you may have noticed that as the days are getting hotter, only two of our pandas are on exhibit at a time. This is because once it is over 75-80 degrees, it is too hot for the pandas to be outside – they have a dense coat to protect them against the cold, but it also means they cannot handle the heat. So we have air-conditioned dayrooms for them to be on exhibit during the summer. However, because we have two dayrooms and three pandas, someone has to be in the overnight dens during the day. This is not a problem for the pandas because they enjoy their dens. They also seem to appreciate a break from their crowds of admirers. We have developed a rotation system by which pandas are on or off exhibit on any given day, so that all three have the opportunity to be in the dayrooms or in the dens. The system is flexible, of course, and allows for changes in circumstances. For example, this morning, our Horticulture Team was doing some yard maintenance in the habitats, and the noise from the tools frightened Mei Lan, so even though it was her day to go into a dayroom, she chose to stay in her den away from the noise (she did go out after lunch, though). Also, soon, Lun Lun will begin exhibiting her pregnancy/pseudopregnancy behaviors and will stop shifting into the dayrooms. During this period, she sleeps most of the time and does not move around very much. So while we are waiting to see if she will give birth, Yang Yang and Mei Lan will be the only pandas out in the dayrooms. As usual, we will do our best to rotate which pandas are on PandaCam as well.
Heather Baker Roberts
Keeper I, Carnivore Department
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Wednesday,
July 2
Hormone results from Lun Lun’s urine samples last week indicated that she might have entered a period of increasing progestins, which we refer to as the secondary rise. This is significant because if Lun Lun is pregnant, we expect her to give birth approximately 40 to 50 days after the start of the secondary rise. The hormone results don’t tell us if Lun Lun is pregnant or not. We just use that information to predict a possible birth window. Today, I sent this week’s samples to Smithsonian’s National Zoo Conservation and Research Center for assay. Those results should enable us to determine if Lun Lun has indeed entered the secondary rise or not.
Rebecca Snyder, PhD
Curator of Carnivores
Monday, June 30
I am not sure why it hit me yesterday, but two things about Mei Lan surprised me on how big she has gotten. Every week I see her at least four times, and I constantly see her weight, so I guess that everything runs together. But yesterday it must have been different. The first thing that I saw was when she was at the small window in the doorway looking for biscuits, just like her parents do when they’re hungry. I remember many months ago, we were all happy the first time that we saw her being able to get her head just to the bottom of the window, and take a biscuit. But now, she can stand up at the same window and her head goes above the top of it. Pretty soon (maybe even now), she is going to be able to sit on her bum and look right through it, like her parents do.
The second observation that occurred to me was when she was climbing down out of an indoor structure after a long nap. Watching her before, she had always struggled to get into the hammock, by using some other support to maintain her balance. But not yesterday – she was able to climb easily from the upper level right into the hammock. There was no diving into it, rolling and missing, with her hind legs dangling off the edge. She was able to get her front paws onto the hammock, then confidently pull her back two right behind. I guess that this adolescent will soon be full of similar surprises.
Joseph T. Svoke
Giant Panda Keeper II, Carnivore Department
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Ms. Mei participating in the
snacking olympics |
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Friday, June 27
It is a pretty quiet day in the panda building. We have had some much-needed, although, not enough rain this afternoon. But, don’t worry – the pandas were safe inside the dayrooms (they hate the rain!). They are still preferring to eat leaves today, but Lun Lun has culmed a few pieces of bamboo. Eating leaves is normal for pandas in the spring and summer months, so hopefully this trend will continue for a little while.
As most of you know, we are also approaching the time of year that pandas give birth (late summer, early autumn). In anticipation of our annual birth watch, two seasonal keepers have joined our staff: Lynn Culver and Brigitte Campanero. They both come to us from the zoo’s education department; though, Brigitte was a carnivore keeper last year and has rejoined us for this summer. These two keepers will take the place of Kate Roca and myself once the 24-hour birth watch begins. During the birth watch, keepers work a normal routine during the day, but once they leave, a keeper will spend the night in the panda building watching Lun Lun for any signs of impending birth. We usually begin the birth watch once Lun Lun starts showing behavioral signs of pregnancy or pseudopregnancy (lethargy, decreased appetite, etc.), which has not happened yet. We will keep you updated on her progress. In the meantime, Lynn and Brigitte are learning the routines for the pandas and the other animals in the carnivore department: lions, tigers, meerkats and otters.
Heather Baker Roberts
Keeper I, Carnivore Department
Wednesday, June 25
The bears are eating a lot more leaves, now, which means a lot less of a mess and quicker cleanup for us. Huzzah! Maybe we should spoil them to encourage this dietary trend, hmmm?
On another dietary note, young Mei Lan has had another couple of biscuits added to each feeding to keep up with her growing body and appetite. I'm pretty sure she's pleased, based on how many more, uh, presents she's been leaving for her keepers.
Oh, and finally, lest I forget, Lun Lun's seeing UFOs again, based on her vacant yet intense interest in the sky this morning. Keep your eyes on the sky!
Matt Fugate
Keeper II, Carnivore Department
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Ultrasound training |
Monday, June 23
Well, we are getting back into the swing of ultrasound training with Lun Lun. This may help any panda fans who are wondering which panda they’re seeing on PandaCam. Lun Lun is now the panda with the furless belly. Part of the ultrasound training involves our shaving her lower abdomen. This allows us to get better images of her uterus – and maybe see a baby – if we’re lucky. We had no problems getting her back into the routine after such a long time of not practicing, and she rolled right over into the proper position the first day we tried. We will now try to work with the vet staff about once a week to see what we can see!
Kate Roca
Carnivore Keeper II
Friday, June 20
Better late than never is the motto that I am going with right now. I am sure that many of you have been waiting all day for an update, checking the website throughout the day and not seeing anything. Well, I finally had a chance to sit and write something at the end of the day, so I hope that it was worth the wait. Nothing really new at this point to report on Mei Lan or Lun Lun, or Yang Yang (not to be left out). About the only thing that has changed is a small alteration that I made to one of the outdoor habitats this afternoon. There was an old log that was attached to the structure that was really starting to rot away, and it had to be replaced. Safety was the main concern, as some of the bolts that held it in place were starting to protrude, and bits were falling off. All I could imagine was seeing Lun or Yang scratching on it and snapping it off. So after weeks of trying to find an appropriate log to replace it, I took the time today to attach it. Now they will have something new to use as a scratching post and potential climbing structure (Mei, at least). This also gives us a chance again to hang enrichment from it, as there are some branches. All that I can hope is that it is braced properly and the pandas don't knock it down with their super panda strength.
Joseph T. Svoke
Giant Panda Keeper II, Carnivore Department
Wednesday, June 18
We are now sending out urine samples from Lun Lun weekly to measure her progestins concentrations. The assays are being conducted by David Kersey, endocrinologist from Smithsonian’s National Zoo Conservation and Research Center. He has assayed Lun Lun’s samples for the last few years during estrus and possible pregnancy and is one of world’s leading experts on giant panda hormones. Progestins are measured to track pregnancy/pseudopregnancy in giant pandas. As we’ve written in previous updates, it is normal for giant pandas to experience pseudopregnancy, which means a female has all the behavioral and physiological changes of pregnancy even though she is not pregnant. So, it is not possible to determine if a female giant panda is pregnant or not by measuring her hormones. We use the progestins information to help predict a possible birth window for Lun Lun, but this information will not tell us if she is pregnant or not. So far, her progestins concentrations indicate that she is still in the early part of pregnancy/pseudopregnancy.
Rebecca Snyder, PhD
Curator of Carnivores
Monday, June 16
Once again, the pandas prove to me that they are an enigma. This past week, including yesterday, all three were eating Henon (Phyllostachys nigra henon) exclusively and with gusto. As it has been written numerous times in the updates, a happy, content panda is a quiet, eating panda. This is how they have been for the past week, simply a joy to be around. That is, until today. Even though we are feeding them bamboo cut the same day, from the same site, you would never be able to tell. Today they all are simply not happy with anything. All three have turned their noses up at the Henon today, as well as the Bambusoides (Phyllostachys bambusoides). I would say that it is time to find a new species of bamboo for them to eat, but they will probably eat Henon just fine tomorrow. I think they do this on purpose simply to keep all of the keepers on their toes. I guess it's working, because we always are.
Kenn Harwood
Lead Keeper of Carnivore
Friday, June 13
Well, we made it through Friday the 13th without any mishaps. Huzzah! Not that I think our Three Billy Goats Gruff had any idea; they’ve been way too interested in eating to let anything like a traditional day of ill omen bother them. Oh, and of course, the sleeping (in air-conditioned comfort) needs to be rigorously practiced as well …
Anyhow, I’ve got to go give the puffballs some biscuits before they put a hit out on me. Until next time!
Matt Fugate
Keeper II, Carnivore Department
Wednesday, June 11
Sorry for the brevity of this update, but we have been very busy all day preparing for the start of "Lun Lun's Birth Watch '08". I can tell you that they are all eating Henon (Phyllostachys nigra henon) the best and they are all fairly well-behaved today. Their a.m. weights today are as follows:
Yang Yang – 129.7 kg (285.3 lbs)
Lun Lun – 105.9 kg (233 lbs)
Mei Lan – 48.2 kg (106.4 lbs)
Kenn Harwood
Lead Keeper of Carnivores
Monday, June 9
Sometimes I wonder if these pandas can hear everything you say, and do the opposite, just to prove you wrong and drive you nuts. I happened to be on the phone earlier today talking to the Animal Nutrition staff about the bamboo that is going to be cut and what our plans for the week are. At that point Lun and Yang decided to eat Yellow Groove, which they hadn't touched since mid-last week. Since they hadn't been eating it, we haven't had it cut and have been concentrating on Henon, which they have been eating well. But not now – they went off the Henon and starting eating Yellow Groove again. I am sure that if I called Animal Nutrition back to change our plans, the pandas would revert back to what they had been eating. Sometimes I swear that Lun and Yang do this for their own enjoyment, which in turn drives us nuts. It just makes you want to post them for sale online (just a running joke that we have in the building!).
Joseph T. Svoke
Giant Panda Keeper II, Carnivore Department
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